Breeder of Health Tested Papillons & Phalenes
All our dogs are health tested for Pap-PRA1, NAD, vWD1, Factor VII
​
Why is this important?
It is important to be aware if the puppy you are buying is healthy or not. Thanks to science we can test for some diseases common within our breed to guarantee your puppy is not affected by these common hereditary diseases.
​
What is Pap-PRA1?
This is a disease where the dog loses vision
As stated in Canine Medicine and Genetics, In general, PRAs are characterized by initial loss of rod photoreceptor function followed by that of the cones and for this reason, night blindness is the first significant clinical sign for most dogs affected with PRA. Visual impairment in bright light invariably follows, accompanied by characteristic changes to the fundus that is visible upon ophthalmoscopic investigation. Typical changes include attenuation of the blood vessels of the retina, increased reflectivity of the tapetal layer as a result of retinal thinning and atrophy of the optic disc. Early-onset forms of the disease are typically expressed between 2 and 6 weeks of age (Mellersh, 2014).
​
What is NAD?
This is a disease that affects the nervous system
As stated in AnimaLabs, Neuroaxonal dystrophy Papillon type (NAD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder affecting the Papillon dog breed. It is a type of lipid storage disorder that primarily affects the nervous system. Affected Papillons show symptoms of NAD from an early age, starting as early as 4 months of age. Symptoms include loss of coordination, such as wobbling gait and inability to stand upright (astasia). At 6 months of age, neurological symptoms develop, which include blindness, loss of menace response, tremor and development of crossed eyes (strabismus). MRI examination shows cerebellar atrophy, with intact other regions of the nervous system. With further disorder’s progression, dog shows difficulty while eating (NAD), n.d.).
​
What is vWD1?
This is a disease where the dog fails to clot blood
As stated in Canine Medicine and Genetics, Von Willebrand disorder type I (vWDI) is known as an inherited bleeding disorder in different dog breeds following an autosomal recessive inheritance. This genetic disorder affects the von Willebrand factor in plasma which is important for blood clotting (Segert, Seidel, Wurzer and Geretschlaeger, 2019).
​
When buying one of our puppies you receive a detailed book by Torthorwald into the health of Papillons and Phalenes including all information above and much more.
​
Citations:
Mellersh, C., 2014. The genetics of eye disorders in the dog. Canine Genetics and Epidemiology, [online] 1(1), p.3. Available at: <https://cgejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2052-6687-1-3?fbclid=IwAR3L0KAcItNlVIGcL6IyU_4BPmZVnTq74ZPOc87Wbc4AC3qMmYjQ7BOSr0o>.
​
(NAD), N., n.d. Neuroaxonal Dystrophy Papillon Type (NAD) - Animalabs©. [online] AnimaLabs©. Available at: <http://www.animalabs.com/shop/dogs/neuroaxonal-dystrophy-papillon-type-nad/> [Accessed 28 May 2020].
​
Segert, J., Seidel, J., Wurzer, W. and Geretschlaeger, A., 2019. vWDI is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with incomplete penetrance, in the Kromfohrländer breed. Canine Genetics and Epidemiology, [online] 6(1). Available at: <https://cgejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40575-019-0073-4?fbclid=IwAR10ccXHDH2DscEjPKAo6MWu6R4C8LBnAfheZGR01G_5vjqNJWXA727y9GI>
​